Trump Administration Announces Reciprocal Tariffs
On the first day of the Trump Administration, the President issued the America First Trade Policy. Among other priorities, the policy outlined the intention of the Administration to review trade agreements to ensure reciprocal and mutually advantageous free trade agreements with partner countries.
On February 13, 2025, President Trump issued a memorandum titled “Reciprocal Trade and Tariffs” instructing several agencies to investigate the harm to the United States from any non-reciprocal trade arrangements.
On April 2, 2025, President Trump signed an Executive Order and issued a Fact Sheet declaring a national emergency arising from conditions reflected in large and persistent annual U.S. goods trade deficits.
Effective at 12:01 a.m. (ET) on April 5, 2025, the United States will impose a 10% ad valorem baseline tariff on imports of all foreign-origin goods. This baseline tariff is in addition to any other applicable duties or tariffs.
Effective at 12:01 a.m. (ET) on April 9, 2025, the United States will impose country-specific tariff rates on imports from certain trading partners, which will apply even if goods are imported under a free trade agreement. These rates already include the 10% baseline tariff.
The country-specific rates included in Annex I to the executive order are:
| Countries and Territories | Reciprocal Tariff, Adjusted |
| Algeria | 30% |
| Angola | 32% |
| Bangladesh | 37% |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 35% |
| Botswana | 37% |
| Brunei | 24% |
| Cambodia | 49% |
| Cameroon | 11% |
| Chad | 13% |
| China | 34% |
| Côte d`Ivoire | 21% |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 11% |
| Equatorial Guinea | 13% |
| European Union | 20% |
| Falkland Islands | 41% |
| Fiji | 32% |
| Guyana | 38% |
| India | 26% |
| Indonesia | 32% |
| Iraq | 39% |
| Israel | 17% |
| Japan | 24% |
| Jordan | 20% |
| Kazakhstan |
